Socioeconomic, Rural-Urban, and Racial Inequalities in US Cancer Mortality: Part I—All Cancers and Lung Cancer and Part II—Colorectal, Prostate, Breast, and Cervical Cancers

Table 7

Weighted least squares regression models¹ showing the relative impacts of the continuous socioeconomic deprivation index² and rural-urban continuum³ on county-level age-adjusted mortality rates for colorectal, prostate, breast, and cervical cancers, United States, 2003–2007 (𝑁=3141).

Covariate		Bivariate models					Multivariate models
	b	β	𝑡-stat.	𝑃 value	Adj. 𝑅^2	b	β	𝑡-stat.	𝑃 value	Adj. 𝑅^2
Colorectal cancer mortality—total population
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.064	−0.371	−22.29	<0.001	13.75	−0.058	−0.339	−16.93	<0.001	13.95
Rural-urban continuum	0.419	0.247	14.18	<0.001	6.05	0.098	0.058	2.88	0.004
Colorectal cancer mortality—male
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.101	−0.377	−22.56	<0.001	14.21	−0.088	−0.328	−16.31	<0.001	14.72
Rural-urban continuum	0.720	0.272	15.62	<0.001	7.34	0.233	0.088	4.37	<0.001
Colorectal cancer mortality—female
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.053	−0.294	−17.01	<0.001	8.63	−0.041	−0.231	−11.18	<0.001	9.49
Rural-urban continuum	0.431	0.242	13.76	<0.001	5.81	0.202	0.113	5.47	<0.001
Colorectal cancer mortality—white
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.052	−0.307	−17.95	<0.001	9.41	−0.035	−0.208	−10.08	<0.001	11.44
Rural-urban continuum	0.480	0.293	17.04	<0.001	8.56	0.286	0.175	8.49	<0.001
Colorectal cancer mortality—white male
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.090	−0.325	−18.97	<0.001	10.55	−0.063	−0.227	−11.01	<0.001	12.50
Rural-urban continuum	0.799	0.301	17.42	<0.001	9.04	0.455	0.171	8.30	<0.001
Colorectal cancer mortality—white female
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.042	−0.233	−17.01	<0.001	5.40	−0.019	−0.105	−4.99	<0.001	8.80
Rural-urban continuum	0.500	0.285	16.35	<0.001	8.08	0.395	0.225	10.66	<0.001
Colorectal cancer mortality—black
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.041	−0.084	−4.71	<0.001	0.68	−0.056	−0.116	−5.41	<0.001	0.88
Rural-urban continuum	0.038	0.006	0.35	0.725	0.00	−0.343	−0.057	−2.68	0.007
Colorectal cancer mortality—black male
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.070	−0.051	−2.84	0.005	0.23	−0.090	−0.065	−3.03	0.003	0.24
Rural-urban continuum	0.172	0.010	0.57	0.569	0.01	−0.436	−0.026	−1.20	0.229
Colorectal cancer mortality—black female
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.026	−0.042	−2.33	0.020	0.14	−0.037	−0.061	−2.83	0.005	0.19
Rural-urban continuum	−0.009	−0.001	−0.06	0.951	0.00	−0.265	−0.034	−1.60	0.110
Prostate cancer mortality—total population
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.098	−0.283	−16.37	<0.001	8.00	−0.087	−0.252	−12.12	<0.001	8.20
Rural-urban continuum	0.665	0.197	11.11	<0.001	3.83	0.194	0.057	2.77	<0.001
Prostate cancer mortality—white
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.028	−0.097	−5.41	0.009	0.92	0.022	0.078	3.69	<0.001	7.46
Rural-urban continuum	0.721	0.267	15.28	<0.001	7.07	0.840	0.310	14.72	<0.001
Prostate cancer mortality—black
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.170	−0.124	−6.91	<0.001	1.49	−0.149	−0.108	−5.03	<0.001	1.52
Rural-urban continuum	1.473	0.088	4.89	<0.001	0.74	0.467	0.028	1.30	0.195
Breast cancer mortality—total population
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.034	−0.164	−9.22	<0.001	2.65	−0.038	−0.186	−8.80	<0.001	2.74
Rural-urban continuum	0.130	0.060	3.36	<0.001	0.33	−0.089	−0.041	−1.95	0.051
Breast cancer mortality—white
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.008	−0.039	−2.17	0.030	0.12	0.001	0.005	0.22	0.822	0.52
Rural-urban continuum	0.151	0.076	4.23	<0.001	0.55	0.157	0.079	3.63	<0.001
Breast cancer mortality—black
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.048	−0.057	−3.18	0.002	0.30	−0.060	−0.071	−3.31	<0.001	0.31
Rural-urban continuum	0.142	0.013	0.75	0.455	0.00	−0.268	−0.025	−1.19	0.236
Cervical cancer mortality—total population
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.048	−0.503	−28.11	<0.001	25.28	−0.037	−0.385	−18.37	<0.001	28.53
Rural-urban continuum	0.426	0.427	22.81	<0.001	18.21	0.216	0.216	10.34	<0.001
Cervical cancer mortality—white
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.048	−0.470	−24.94	<0.001	22.07	−0.032	−0.316	−14.45	<0.001	27.45
Rural-urban continuum	0.465	0.454	23.85	<0.001	20.58	0.286	0.279	12.79	<0.001
Cervical cancer mortality—black
Socioeconomic deprivation index	−0.043	−0.149	−8.35	<0.001	2.19	−0.041	−0.141	−6.60	<0.001	2.17
Rural-urban continuum	0.337	0.092	5.12	<0.001	0.81	0.055	0.015	0.70	0.481

Notes: 𝑏: unstandardized regression coefficient; β: standardized regression coefficient; 𝑅²: percentage variance explained.
β is also equal to the correlation coefficient in bivariate regression models.
¹The least squares regression models are weighted, with weights being cancer-specific deaths in each county.
²The 2000 census socioeconomic deprivation index is a continuous variable with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 20.
Higher index scores denote higher levels of socioeconomic position and lower levels of deprivation.
³The 2003 rural-urban continuum is used as a continuous variable, with code 1 being the most urbanized county and code 9 being the most rural county.