Traditional Dietary Pattern Increases Risk of Prostate Cancer in Argentina: Results of a Multilevel Modeling and Bias Analysis from a Case-Control Study
Table 5
Prostate cancer risk on dietary patterns estimates from multilevel logistic modeling (a) and ORs from bias analysis (b), Córdoba, Argentina (2008–2012).
(a)
Number of cases
OR (CI 95%)
value
for trend
Traditional Pattern
Quartile I
24
1
—
0.048
Quartile II
39
1.60 (0.970–2.660)
0.065
Quartile III
37
1.73 (1.167–2.575)
0.006
Quartile IV
47
2.54 (1.491–4.342)
0.001
Prudent Pattern
Quartile I
41
1
—
0.926
Quartile II
28
0.70 (0.396–1.264)
0.243
Quartile III
34
0.84 (0.540–1.310)
0.445
Quartile IV
44
1.31 (0.493–3.508)
0.584
Carbohydrate Pattern
Quartile I
22
1
—
0.069
Quartile II
36
1.76 (1.254–2.479)
0.001
Quartile III
48
2.67 (0.975–7.349)
0.056
Quartile IV
41
2.10 (1.400–3.164)
<0.001
Cheese Pattern
Quartile I
33
1
—
0.720
Quartile II
40
1.48 (0.690–3.202)
0.310
Quartile III
37
1.34 (0.842–2.155)
0.213
Quartile IV
37
1.02 (0.538–1.932)
0.950
(b)
Bias analysis ORs
Percentiles
Ratio
2.5
50
97.5
2.5/97.5
Conventional
0.90
1.33
1.98
2.21
Systematic error
0.80
1.34
2.27
2.83
Systematic and random error
0.70
1.34
2.58
3.69
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval. Age, BMI, energy intake, and occupational exposure were included in the MLR as covariates at first level, and family history of cancer was included at second level (variance 1.637, standard error 0.099, intraclass correlation coefficient 0.33, and median odds ratio 3.38).
