Review Article

Review of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Condition Monitoring of Concrete Structures

Table 2

Different codes describing NDT methods.

S. no.Tests/parametersCodes

1Alkali aggregate reactivityIS 2386 (Part 7): 1963
2Petrographic examinationIS 2386 (Part 8): 1963, ASTM C856-77
3Pull out testIS 2770: 1967, ASTM C900-94, E DIN EN 12399 (July 1996), ISO/DIS 8046
4Water soluble chlorides in concrete admixturesIS 6925: 1973
5Ultrasonic pulse velocityIS 13311 (Part 1): 1992, ASTM C597-97, BS 1881: Part 203: 1986, BS 4408: pt. 5, NDIS 2416-1993
6Rebound hammerIS 13311 (Part 2): 1992, ASTM C805-97, BS 1881 Part 202: 1986, EDIN EN 12398
(1996), ISO/CD 8045
7Abrasion resistanceIS 9284: 1979, ASTM C779-76, ASTM C944-80
8PermeabilityIS 3085: 1965
9Testing drilled coresASTM C 42-87
10Infrared thermographyASTM D4788-88
11Ground penetrating radarASTM D6087-97
12Density by nuclear methodsASTM D2950-91, ASTM C1040-93
13Impact echo methodASTM C1383-98a
14Half-cell potentialASTM C876-91
15Penetration resistanceASTM C 803-82
16Dynamic modulus of elasticity by electromagnetic methodsBS 1881: Part 102:1983
17RadiographyBS 1881: Part 205: 1970, BS 4408: pt. 3, NDIS 1401-1992
18Water absorptionBS 1881: Part 122: 1983, AS 1012.21-1999
19Electromagnetic covermeterBS 1881: Part 204: 1986, BS 4408: pt. 1
20Concrete strength by near to surface methodsBS 1881: part 207: 1992
21Strain gauges for concrete investigationBritish Standard Institution, London, 1969, (83)
22Density with gamma raysTGL 21 100/01
23Determination of chloride and sulfate in hardened concreteAS 1012.20-1992
24Visual inspectionNDIS 3418-1993
25In situ monitoring of concreteNDIS 2421-2000
26Surface hardness methodBS 4408: pt. 4