Oxidative Precipitation of Manganese from Acid Mine Drainage by Potassium Permanganate

Figure 4

Raman spectra (a) standard synthetic birnessite (MnO₂); (b) precipitate from MnSO₄ solution; (c) precipitate from effluent A1; (d) precipitate from effluent A2. Trials at pH 7.0, 25°C ± 0.5, and 1 atm.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)