Knoevenagel Condensation of Aldehydes with Ethyl Cyanoacetate in Water Catalyzed by P4VP/Al₂O₃-SiO₂

Figure 4

SEM images of (a) Al₂O₃-SiO₂(0.6) and (b) P4VP/Al₂O₃-SiO₂(0.6) (in situ).

(a)

(b)