Enhancement of Nutrient Removal in a Hybrid Constructed Wetland Utilizing an Electric Fan Air Blower with Renewable Energy of Solar and Wind Power

Table 1

Chemical characteristics of raw sewage and treated water in 1st and 2nd treatments.

Stage	Ventilation method	BOD	SS	TN	TP	DO
		(mg L^−1)
Raw sewage		58.5 ± 25.5	38.3 ± 21.0	11.8 ± 3.4	1.30 ± 0.38	0.82 ± 0.13
Treated water from the 1st bed (VF bed)	Natural ventilation	7.0 ± 5.5	5.0 ± 6.5	9.8 ± 3.2	1.02 ± 0.28	5.42 ± 1.5
	Electric ventilation	5.5 ± 1.1	6.3 ± 1.7	8.1 ± 1.8	0.84 ± 0.08	6.97 ± 1.3
Treated water in the 1st (VF) and 2nd (HF) beds (effluent)	Natural ventilation	1.2 ± 0.7	0.7 ± 0.4	6.5 ± 2.0	0.66 ± 0.19	1.57 ± 0.41
	Electric ventilation	0.7 ± 0.1	1.4 ± 0.3	5.7 ± 0.8	0.64 ± 0.15	1.61 ± 0.23