Hybrid Nanomaterials Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Overcoming Challenges in Current Cancer Treatments

Figure 4

Schematic representation of MSNs as a platform for drug delivery (a). (A) Nanoparticles attached to MSNs as functional gatekeepers. (B) Hydrophobic/hydrophilic guest molecules entrapped in the interior of the nanochannels. (C) Stimuli-responsive linkers, which chemically attach MSNs and gatekeepers. (D) Grafting with a protecting polymer, such as PEG, shields the MSN surface from interacting with opsonizing proteins. (E) Bioimaging agents such as magnetic nanoparticles, quantum dots, or fluorophores. (F) Targeting ligands such as antibodies. (G) Complexation with plasmid DNA. (H) Additional ligands such as cell penetrating peptides. (I) Incorporation of a diagnostic label. (J) Stimuli-responsive polymers. (K) Attachment of functional groups that could modify the metabolism of cells. Transmission electron microscopy image of MSNs (b) [79].