Assessment of the Water and Sediment Quality of Tropical Forest Streams in Upper Reaches of the Baleh River, Sarawak, Malaysia, Subjected to Logging Activities
Table 3
Mean difference of in situ and ex situ water quality parameters before and after rain ().
Parameters
Mean difference
value
In situ
Temperature
−4.3
0.008
DO
+0.3
0.047
Turbidity
+425.7
0.008
Transparency
−28.6
0.008
pH
−0.5
0.007
Conductivity
+2.9
0.859
Depth
−0.1
1.000
Flow velocity
+0.4
0.000
Ex situ
Chlorophyll a
−0.7
0.008
Total suspended solid
+95.8
0.008
Five-day biochemical oxygen demand
−0.02
0.856
Chemical oxygen demand
+19.4
0.049
Total nitrogen
+1.576
0.011
Total ammonia nitrogen
+0.145
0.051
Nitrite nitrogen
+0.009
0.007
Nitrate nitrogen
+0.009
0.066
Total phosphorus
+56.2
0.008
Soluble reactive phosphorus
+12.2
0.008
Total sulphide
−0.010
0.005
Unionized hydrogen sulphide
−0.001
0.952
Positive value of mean difference indicates parameter studied increased after rain whereas negative value indicates a decrease after rain. The significant difference at value ≤ 0.05 was indicated in bold.
