Physicochemical Characterization and Evaluation of Seasonal Variations of Landfill Leachate and Groundwater Quality around Tanjaro Open Dump Area of Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan, Iraq
Table 4
Physicochemical parameters of three groundwater (tube well) samples surrounding the open dump area during four seasons of the year 2021-2022.
W1
W2
W3
Min.
Max.
Mean ± SD
Min.
Max.
Mean ± SD
Min.
Max.
Mean ± SD
Temp.
19.2
23
21 ± 1.608312
18
21
19.9 ± 1.428286
16.9
21.7
19.5 ± 2.280351
pH
7.8
8.4
8.075 ± 0.25
6.9
8.04
7.435 ± 0.467155
6.8
7.89
7.3475 ± 0.446869
EC
859.375
1078.125
943.3594 ± 95.33704
796.875
859.375
823.8281 ± 26.92386
650
687.5
674.219 ± 17.7466
TS
0
691
467.5 ± 316.8812
0
604
411.625 ± 277.2897
0
523
351.75 ± 237.5898
TDS
550
690
603.75 ± 61.01571
510
550
527.25 ± 17.23127
416
440
431.5 ± 11.35782
TSS
1
11566
2892.25 ± 5782.5
1
11452
2863.875 ± 5725.417
1
23018
5755.75 ± 11508.17
TA
36
660
274.5 ± 268.5237
42
800
332.25 ± 325.9861
32
480
241.75 ± 183.6453
TH
68
220
132.75 ± 63.46324
458
520
484.25 ± 27.28095
434
480
449.25 ± 21.28184
BOD5
0.4
1.6
1.0675 ± 0.511949
0.51
3.7
1.7375 ± 1.507103
0.1
3
1.4925 ± 1.196422
COD
0.476
1.904
1.270325 ± 0.609219
0.6069
4.403
2.067625 ± 1.793452
0.119
3.57
1.776075 ± 1.423742
Cl−
30
110
84.75 ± 37.64195
82
90
84.75 ± 3.774917
60
80
67 ± 8.906926
NO3−
5.9
51
19.6 ± 21.22436
6.3
50
24.825 ± 19.00498
7.3
52
31.575 ± 20.64273
SO42−
92
153
125 ± 26.77063
84
110
95.5 ± 11.81807
43
84
54.75 ± 19.56826
PO43−
0.31
0.59
0.4125 ± 0.122848
0.3
0.55
0.435 ± 0.119583
0.26
0.39
0.3325 ± 0.062915
Ca
22.4
62
46.85 ± 17.273
86
160
122.75 ± 38.13463
86
144
116.25 ± 23.81001
Mg
2.8
15
9.45 ± 5.086911
19.7
29
23.875 ± 4.73524
20
32
25.9 ± 5.592257
Na
8
110
64.75 ± 42.3271
5
67
36.25 ± 25.34265
3
67
25.75 ± 28.22971
K
0.16
2.6
1.06 ± 1.062575
0.56
10.3
3.885 ± 4.363374
0.48
10.3
3.185 ± 4.757293
Fe
0
0.06
0.0175 ± 0.028723
0
0.03
0.0125 ± 0.015
—
—
—
Zn
0
0.19
0.105 ± 0.094692
0
0.29
0.0925 ± 0.13326
0
0.12
0.0525 ± 0.057373
(all concentrations are given in mg·L−1, except pH), EC (μS·Cm−1), and Temp. (°C).
