The Impact of Presentation Modality on Perceptions of Truthful and Deceptive Confessions

Table 3

Means and standard deviations for ratings of indirect measures of deception as a function of truth status and modality group.

	Audiovisual		Audio		Written		Total
	T	L	T	L	T	L	T	L
Confidence	4.87	5.03	4.63	4.60	4.69	4.77	4.74	4.81
	(0.52)	(0.73)	(0.82)	(0.94)	(0.75)	(0.72)	(0.69)	(0.79)
Information sufficiency	4.67	4.74	3.85	3.90	4.09	4.36	4.22	4.36
	(0.70)	(0.89)	(1.10)	(1.16)	(0.97)	(0.92)	(0.97)	(1.01)
Cognitive load*	3.50	3.04	3.40	3.35	3.73	3.61	3.57*	3.36*
	(0.66)	(0.50)	(0.63)	(0.59)	(0.53)	(0.72)	(0.60)	(0.66)
Suspiciousness*	3.88*	3.34*	3.72*	3.76*	3.78*	3.83*	3.80	3.65
	(0.57)	(0.71)	(0.41)	(0.49)	(0.65)	(0.70)	(0.56)	(0.68)

Note. ∗Significant differences (𝑃<0.05); standard deviations in parentheses.