Assessing Bully/Victim Problems in Preschool Children: A Multimethod Approach

Table 1

Central participant roles in preschool children according to observational data.

	Rater 1		Rater 2		Interrater agreement
	𝑁	%	𝑁	%
Verbal bullying
Victim	6	3.6%	4	2.4%
Bully	11	6.6%	10	6.2%
Bully-victim	4	2.4%	7	4.2%
No central role	146	87.4%	146	87.4%
					𝐾 = .87; Sig = .000**
Physical bullying
Victim	31	18.6%	32	19.2%
Bully	31	18.6%	28	16.8%
Bully/victim	9	5.4%	11	6.6%
No central role	96	57.4%	96	57.4%
					𝐾 = .88; Sig = .000**
Relational bullying
Victim	18	10.7%	19	11.3%
Bully	24	14.4%	20	12%
Bully/victim	5	3%	8	4.8%
No central role	120	71.9%	120	71.9%
					𝐾 = .88; Sig = .000**
Rumour spreading
Victim	1	.6%	1	.6%
Bully	1	.6%	1	.6%
Bully/victim	0	0%	0	0%
No central role	165	98.8%	165	98.8%
					𝐾 = 1.000; Sig = .000**

* 𝑃<.05,  **𝑃<.001.