Research Article
Associations between Gun Violence Exposure, Gang Associations, and Youth Aggression: Implications for Prevention and Intervention Programs
Table 1
Demographic information and variables included in the analysis.
| | Variables in the study | Whole sample ()
(%) | Male ()
(%) | Female ()
(%) |
| | African American | 15 (9%) | 6 (7%) | 9 (12%) | | Hispanic | 147 (90%) | 81 (93%) | 66 (86%) | | Other | 2 (1%) | 0 | 2 (3%) | | Family gang association | 75 (45%) | 37 (42%) | 38 (49%) | | Peer gang association | 70 (43%) | 39 (45%) | 31 (40%) | | Family/friend being attacked | 75 (46%) | 42 (48%) | 33 (42%) | | Witnessing gun violence | 32 (20%) | 17 (20%) | 15 (19%) | | Fear of neighborhood violence | 53 (32%) | 26 (30%) | 27 (35%) | | Hiding due to gun violence | 38 (23%) | 23 (26%) | 15 (19%) |
| | | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) |
| | Social self-control | 17.88 (5.58) | 17.01 (5.25) | 18.90 (5.83) | | Aggression | 11.06 (12.82) | 12.25 (13.56) | 9.70 (11.85) |
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Note: = frequency, % = percent, M = mean, and SD = standard deviation.
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