Abstract
This paper is concerned with the problem of stabilizing one family of fuzzy nonlinear systems by means of fuzzy quantized feedback. The hybrid control strategy originating in earlier work by Brockett and Liberzon (2000) and Liberzon (2003) relies on the possibility of making discrete online adjustments of quantizer parameters. We explore this method here for one class of fuzzy nonlinear systems with fuzzy quantizers affecting the state of the system. New results on the stabilization of the family of fuzzy nonlinear systems are obtained by choosing appropriately quantized strategies. Finally, an illustrative example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
1. Introduction
In recent years, there has been increasing interest in stability analysis and controller design for hybrid and switched systems see, for example, [1, 2]. In the presence of quantization, the state space of the system is divided into a finite number of quantization regions, each corresponding to a fixed value of the quantizer. At the time of passage from one quantization region to another, the dynamics of the closed-loop system change abruptly. Therefore, systems with quantization can be naturally viewed as hybrid systems. Thus, considerable efforts have been devoted to the study of quantized control, for instance, see [3β7] and the references therein. Among these results, mainly two approaches for studying control problems with quantized feedback are chosen, which are called static quantization policies (e.g., [8β10]) and dynamic quantization policies (e.g., [5, 11]).
Liberzon [5] gave the conditions of hybrid feedback stabilization of systems with quantized signal under the assumption of the systems being stabilized by a feedback law. De Persis [12] extended Liberzon's [5] results to the problem of stabilizing a nonlinear system by means of quantized output feedback. Gao and Chen [13] presented a new approach to quantized feedback control systems which provided stability and performance analysis as well as controller synthesis for discrete-time state-feedback control systems with logarithmic quantizers. The most significant feature is the utilization of a quantization dependent Lyapunov function. Ceragioli and De Persis [14] discussed discontinuous stabilization of nonlinear systems with quantized and switching controls, that is, considering the classical problem of stabilizing nonlinear systems in the case of the control laws which take values in a discrete set.
The well-known Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model (e.g., [15]) has been recognized as a popular and powerful tool in approximating and describing complex nonlinear systems. Thus, over the past ten years, the study of T-S systems has been attracting increasing attention, for instance, see [16β23]. However, so far, the study of fuzzy systems with quantized feedback was rare, for instance, [24]. In this paper, we concentrate on the problem of stabilizing fuzzy nonlinear systems via fuzzy quantized feedback. We extend the results (see, [5]) to a class of T-S fuzzy nonlinear systems with general types of quantizers affecting the state of the system. New results on the stabilization of fuzzy nonlinear systems are obtained by choosing appropriately quantized strategies and applying the Lyapunov function approach.
The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 gives the concept of quantizer and the description of fuzzy systems. New results on the stabilization of fuzzy nonlinear systems with fuzzy quantized feedback are presented in Section 3. In Section 4, an example is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. Conclusions are presented in Section 5.
2. Problem Statement
In this section, some notations and definition of quantizer are introduced, and the problem statement is given.
As in [5], a quantizer with general form is defined as follows.
Let be the variable being quantized. A quantizer is defined as a piecewise constant function , where is a finite subset of . This leads to a partition of into a finite number of quantization regions of the form , . These quantization regions are not assumed to have any particular shapes. We assume that there exist positive real numbers and such that the following conditions hold:
Throughout this paper, we denote by the standard Euclidean norm in the n-dimensional vector space and denote by the corresponding induced matrix norm in . Condition (1) gives a bound on the quantization error when the quantizer does not saturate. Condition (2) provides a way to detect the possibility of saturation. We will refer to and as the range of and the quantization error, respectively. We also assume that for in some neighborhood of the origin which is needed to preserve the origin as an equilibrium.
In the control strategy to be developed below, we will use quantized measurements of same the form as in [3, 4] where is an adjustable parameter, called the βzoomβ variable, that is updated at discrete instants of time.
To be convenient, we denoted that , , , and .
The T-S fuzzy system, suggested by Takagi and Sugeno [15] can represent a general class of nonlinear systems. It is based on βfuzzy partitionβ of input space and it can be viewed as the expansion of piecewise linear partition. Considering a nonlinear dynamic multi-input-multi-output system modeled by the T-S fuzzy system, it can be represented by the following forms.(i)If-then form:
: IF is , is and is
then(ii)Input-output form: where is the state, is the control input, ββ is the th fuzzy rule, is the number of rule, are fuzzy variable, and is fuzzy basis function.
For the nonlinear plant represented by (4) or (5), we consider the fuzzy controller as follows.(iii)If-then form:
: if is , is and is
then or(iv)Input-output form: or
The system (5) with (8) or the system (5) with (9) can, respectively, be written in the form of the T-S fuzzy control system as follows: or where denotes .
3. Fuzzy Hybrid Feedback Stabilization
In this section, in order to find some sufficient conditions which stabilize the fuzzy nonlinear systems (11) by choosing appropriately quantized strategies, we require the following assumption 1 and an important lemma is given as in Lemma 1 as follows.
Assumption. Assume that there exists a sequence of matrices and a common positive definite matrix and a sequence of positive matrices such that Moreover, both and for all are nonzero matrices, which cause no loss of generality because the case of interest is when is not a stable matrix for all .
Remark 1. If Assumption 1 holds, the system (5) with fuzzy control law (8) or the T-S fuzzy system (10) is asymptotically stable by using Lyapunov approach (e.g., see [16, 17]).
Remark 2. As in [5], it is necessary to suppose that systems are stabilizable. To be convenient, we suppose that Assumption 1 holds so that the system (5) is stabilizable.
Lemma 1. Assume that Assumption 1 holds. an arbitrary , and is large enough compared to such that where Let Then all solutions of (11) that start in the ellipsoid enter the smaller ellipsoid in finite time.
Proof. We consider the Lyapunov function candidate for the closed-loop system (11) the derivative of along solutions of (11) is computed as
According to (13), for any nonzero , we can find a positive scalar such that
This is also true in the case of , where we set as an extreme case and consider the output of the quantizer as zero.
When holds, we have
Claim 1. Both and are invariant sets of the system (11).
Proof. we only prove that is an invariant set of the system (11). Assuming , we denote where is a solution of the system (11) with the initial condition . If , then there exists a positive constant such that By the virtue of condition (13), we have Hence, we obtain Using (13), we have and By the continuity of , there exists a positive constant such that for all satisfying Hence, we have for all that is to say that holds for all this is a contradiction with the definition . Thus, . we complete the proof of Claim 1.
Fixed an arbitrary , and for all , we can find a positive scalar satisfying (18). Then, integrating (19) from to , we have Hence, we obtain If we choose we have .
Using Lemma 1 and assuming that the fuzzy control law (9) of the system (5) satisfies We have the following theorem 1.
Theorem 1. Assume that Assumption 1 holds. Assume that is large enough compared to such that holds, where is the same as in Lemma 1. Then there exists a fuzzy quantized feedback control strategy such that the system (5) with fuzzy quantized control law (9) or the closed fuzzy nonlinear system (11) is globally asymptotically stable.
Proof. The βzooming-outβ stage. Let . In this case, we rewrite the system (11) for
Let
Let , and then increase in a piecewise constant fashion, fast enough to dominate the rate of . Then, there is a time such that
By condition (1) in Section 2, it is implied
We can pick a such that (34) holds with . Again, applying conditions (1) and (2) of Section 2, we obtain
Hence, we have given by (15).
The βzooming-inβ stage. Define the sequence of times satisfying and the sequence of positive real numbers where denotes and is the same as in (28).
Define also the control law
By (30) and Lemma 1, we have and . Hence, as , and the above analysis implies as .
In order to prove the stability of the equilibrium of system (11), take an arbitrary and notice that as firstly, finding a positive integer , , we have This implies .
By the virtue of , there exists a positive constant such that holds for all . With no loss of generality, we assume . We define Then for all and for all , we have Hence there exists a positive constant , and the solutions of with stay in the intersection of this with the region for all . Therefore, these solutions satisfy for all .
4. Numerical Example
In this section, we consider the following nonlinear system: where are constants, is control input, and It follows that the nonlinear system can be represented by the following T-S fuzzy model.(i)If-then rule: if is , then ; IF is , then , where Moreover, the and are fuzzy sets defined as and .
For the simplicity of simulation, the quantizer is chosen to be logarithmic, which satisfies general quantizer (9), see [5, 9, 10]. That is to say, we choose the quantization level to be described as and the associated quantizer is defined as follows: Thus, the corresponding fuzzy quantized controller can be chosen as Now define the quantization error by Therefore, can be expressed as where . Thus the above closed-loop system with quantized control law can be written as follows
In this paper, the system parameters are , , , , and quantized parameters are . It can be easily seen that both matrices and are unstable and the corresponding feedback gain matrix and Lyapunov function matrix of the fuzzy system with quantized controller (49) in Lemma 1 are obtained, respectively: Moreover, for the quantized control of system (42), we can obtain from Theorem 1. Then the response of state and control law with quantized control law (49) is showed in Figures 1 and 2, respectively, where the initial condition is .
5. Conclusions
In this paper, we extend the results (see, [5]) to a class of T-S fuzzy nonlinear systems and obtain the conditions of stabilizing a fuzzy nonlinear system via fuzzy quantized feedback. We present new results on the stabilization of fuzzy nonlinear systems by choosing appropriately quantized strategies and applying the Lyapunov function approach. An example has been given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Acknowledgments
The authors are very grateful to all the anonymous reviewers and the editors for their helpful comments and suggestions. This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of P. R. China under Grant 60874006, Doctoral Foundation of Henan University of Technology under Grant 2009BS048, by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China under Grant 102300410118, Foundation of Henan Educational Committee under Grant 2011A120003, and Foundation of Henan University of Technology under Grant 09XJC011.