Cloud Model-Based Energy Management Strategy for Parallel Hybrid Vehicles

Table 1

Comparison of fuel consumption and emissions for four cycles.

	UDDS		FTP		HWFET		NEDC
	FLC	Cloud	FLC	Cloud	FLC	Cloud	FLC	Cloud
FC (l/100 km)	6.0	5.5	5.8	5.3	4.3	3.7	5.7	5.1
HC (g/km)	0.368	0.34	0.283	0.262	0.263	0.23	0.379	0.359
CO (g/km)	1.044	1.096	0.79	0.828	0.829	0.87	1.049	1.106
(g/km)	0.319	0.278	0.259	0.226	0.252	0.206	0.315	0.263