Research Article
The Safety of EXPAREL ® (Bupivacaine Liposome Injectable Suspension) Administered by Peripheral Nerve Block in Rabbits and Dogs
Table 2
Injection site findings (Day 3 and Day 15) in dogs (combined sexes).
| Day 3 | Observations | Severity grade | Saline | EXP 9 mg/kg | EXP 18 mg/kg | EXP 25 mg/kg | Bsol 9 mg/kg |
| Brachial plexus, distal | Degeneration/regeneration myofibers | mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Hemorrhage, adipose tissue | mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | minimal | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | Inflammation, granulomatous, adipose tissue | minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | Inflammation, subacute | minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Brachial plexus, middle | Degeneration/regeneration myofiber | mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Hemorrhage | minimal | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | mild | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | moderate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Inflammation, granulomatous | minimal | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Brachial plexus, proximal | Hemorrhage | mild | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | Inflammation, adipose tissue, subacute | mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Day 15 | | | | | | | |
| Brachial plexus, distal | Degeneration/regeneration myofibers | mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Hemorrhage | minimal | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | Brachial plexus, middle | Cyst | minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Fibrosis | minimal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Hemorrhage | minimal | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | mild | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | Inflammation, granulomatous | minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| Brachial plexus, proximal | Degeneration/regeneraton myofibers | minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Hemorrhage | minimal | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | Inflammation, granulomatous | minimal | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | mild | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
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Refer to Table 1 footnote.
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