Serum CA19-9 Level Associated with Metabolic Control and Pancreatic Beta Cell Function in Diabetic Patients

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of study subjects.

Variables	Control (𝑛=122)	T1DM (𝑛=71)	T2DM (𝑛=866)	𝑃 value
Gender (M/F)	64/58	34/37	507/359	—
Age (y)	47.78±11.23	51.68±17.84^*##	60.45±11.97^**	<0.001
Duration (y)	—	5.00 (1.00–8.00)^##	8.00 (3.88–13.00)	0.008
ALT (U/L)	18.2 (13.00–26.75)	17.00 (11.00–27.50)	18.0 (13.00–29.00)	0.722
AST (U/L)	21.0 (17.00–25.00)	18.00 (15.00–25.00)	19.0 (15.00–24.00)	0.332
TC (mmol/L)	4.84±0.85	4.60±1.12	4.75±1.20	0.401
TG (mmol/L)	1.20 (0.87–1.79)	0.90 (0.71–1.33)^*##	1.52 (1.06–2.20)^**	<0.001
HDL (mmol/L)	1.35±0.32	1.40±0.42^##	1.11±0.35^**	<0.001
LDL (mmol/L)	3.18±0.87	2.97±1.12	3.17±0.98	0.256
BUN (mmol/L)	4.83±1.21	6.04±2.83^**	5.82±2.47^**	<0.001
Cr (μmol/L)	67.00 (58.00–78.00)	65.50 (51.25–79.75)	66.00 (54.00–80.00)	0.855
FPG (mmol/L)	5.08±0.34	9.60±4.21^**##	8.48±3.20^**	<0.001
2hPG (mmol/L)	6.06±1.09	14.09±6.17^**	14.24±4.76^**	<0.001
HbA1c (%)	5.43±0.33	9.81±2.82^**	9.34±2.33^**	<0.001
GA (%)	—	29.30±8.82^##	25.94±8.41	0.001
CP0 (ng/mL)	6.84 (5.08–9.85)	0.25 (0.05–0.80)^**##	1.62 (1.04–2.31)^**	<0.001
CP120 (ng/mL)	36.80 (22.44–57.97)	0.40 (0.48–1.42)^**	3.37 (2.05–5.29)^**	<0.001
ΔCP (ng/mL)	28.84 (16.43–52.42)	0.08 (0.00–0.62)^**##	1.59 (0.77–2.77)^**	<0.001
CA19-9 (KU/L)	4.69 (2.66–9.65)	18.59 (11.68–39.28)^**##	12.07 (6.72–21.57)^**	<0.001

Data represent means ± S.D. or median (interquartile range), ^*𝑃<0.05,  ^**𝑃<0.01 versus control group; ^#𝑃<0.05,   ^##𝑃<0.01 versus T2DM group.
ALT, aspartate aminotransferase; AST, alanine aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Cr, creatinine; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG, 2h plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin A1C; GA, glycated serum albumin; TG, total triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; CP0, C Peptide of 0 min; CP120, C Peptide of 120 min; ΔCP, D value of C Peptide of 120 min minus C Peptide of 0 min.