Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibition May Facilitate Healing of Chronic Foot Ulcers in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Figure 1

Effects of vildagliptin on nitrotyrosine levels and proteasome 20S activity in the periphery of the ulcer before and after treatment. Representative sections show immunochemistry for nitrotyrosine (a) (×400) and proteasome 20S (c) (×400) in ulcer specimens of control and vildagliptin patients at baseline and after 12 weeks of active treatment. Nitrotyrosine levels (b) and proteasome 20S activity (d) in ulcer specimens of control and vildagliptin patients at baseline and after 12 weeks of active treatment (boxplot, a plot type that displays the median; 10th, 20th, 25th, and 75th percentiles; range; extreme values). ^∗𝑃<0.05 versus control group. ^†𝑃<0.05 versus baseline.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)