The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Related Thyroid Diseases

Table 1

Diabetic practice guidelines for thyroid screening in patients with diabetes.

Sr. no.	Guidelines	Type 2 diabetes	Comments
(1)	American Thyroid Association guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction [61]	Patients with diabetes may require more frequent testing	Recommends TSH from 35 yrs, and every 5 yrs thereafter in all adults; high risk persons may require more frequent tests Diabetes mentioned as high-risk but does not distinguish between T1DM and T2DM
(2)	American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Thyroid disease clinical Practice guidelines, 2002 [62]	Thyroid palpation and TSH at diagnosis and at regular intervals, especially if goitre or other autoimmune disease presents	No specific recommendation for T2DM
(3)	British Thyroid Association and Association of Clinical Biochemistry Guidelines, 2006 [63]	TFT at baseline but routine annual TFT is not recommended	TSH and antibodies are recommended in diabetic patients in pregnancy and postpartum