Review Article
Exercise and the Aging Endothelium
Table 2
Suggested shear stress sensing mechanisms by the endothelial cells and related intracellular signal transductions [
33,
34].
| Suggested candidates for sensing shear stress | Intracellular signal transduction |
| Cellular adhesion molecules | MAPK | Glycocalyx | Ras-ERK | Ion channels (K+, Cl−, Ca2+, P2X purinoceptor) | C-JNK | T K receptors | PI3- Kinase | GPCR | Akt | Caveola | FAK | Primary cillia | Rho Family GTPase | | NF-κB | | PKC |
|
|
C-JNK: c-jun N-terminal kinases, ERK: extracellular signal-regulated kinase, FAK: focal adhesion kinase, GPCR: G-Protein coupled receptors, GTP: guanosine triphosphate, MAPK: mitogen-activated protein Kinase, NF-κB: nuclear factor-kappaB, PI3: phosphoinositide 3, PKC: protein kinase C, T K receptors: tyrosine kinase receptors.
|