Research Article
Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depressive Symptoms in Elderly Patients with Diabetes: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Comorbidity
Table 2
Factors associated with MCI, depressive syndrome, and both (univariate logistic regression model).
| Associated parameters with OR (95% CI) | MCI | Depressive syndrome | Both (MCI and depressive syndrome) |
| Gender: female | — | 2.47 (1.8–3.38) | 2.25 (1.29–3.88) | Age (years) | 1.15 (1.08–1.22) | — | 1.24 (1.12–1.36)* | Education (years) | 0.53 (0.44–0.63) | — | 0.65 (0.49–0.78)* | Marital status: single | — | 2.09 (1.58–2.76) | 2.68 (1.55–4.64)* | Current smoking | — | 2.43 (1.46–4.02) | — | Had ever smoked | — | 2.08 (1.58–2.74) | 1.67 (1.09–2.52) | Lack of physical activity | — | 2.63 (1.98–3.5) | — | Duration of DM2 (years) | 1.1 (1.05–1.15) | 1.08 (1.03–1.16) | 1.086 (1.03–1.14) | BMI (Kg/m2) | — | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | 1.16 (1.05–1.3) | HbA1c (%) | 5.47 (3.45–8.67) | — | 5.97 (3.02–11.84)* | CHOL (mmol/L) | — | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | — | LDL (mmol/L) | — | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | — | TG (mmol/L) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | — | 1.02 (1.01–1.03)* | HDL (mmol/L) | 0.9 (0.87–0.94) | — | 0.88 (0.83–0.94)* | Insulin | — | 2.19 (1.65–2.92) | 1.998 (1.242–3.26) | Previous CVD | 4.19 (3.04–5.8) | — | 4.69 (2.25–9.78)* | Stroke | — | — | 2.59 (1.43–4.68) | Previous HA or use of HA drugs | 2.41 (1.55–3.76) | — | — | Hyperlipidemia | 2.06 (1.35–3.12) | 2.15 (1.38–3.36) | — | Retinopathy | 2.25 (1.7–2.96) | — | 1.92 (1.22–3.03) | Nephropathy | 1.56 (1.2–2.03) | — | — | Neuropathy | — | 2.23 (1.64–3.05) | 1.72 (1.12–2.65) | Comorbidity () | 1.53 (1.37–1.71) | 1.31 (1.19–1.43) | 1.63 (1.38–1.93)* | Hypoglycemia (%) | 2.27 (1.72–2.98) | 2.56 (1.92–3.42) | 3.47 (1.87–6.43)* |
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