Research Article

Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Glycemic Control in Patients with Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis

Table 3

Stratified analyses of differences between those with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection versus those without HP infection in hemoglobin A1C level with 95% confidence interval according to key study characteristics.

VariableNumber of dataMean difference (95% CI), % statistics (%) -value for heterogeneityMeta-regression

Total140.19 (−0.18 to 0.46)53.675.8%<0.001
Geographic region
 Western40.08 (−0.72 to 0.88)14.579.3%0.002Referent
 Non-western100.28 (−0.01 to 0.57)36.675.3%<0.0010.47
Type of diabetes
 Type 1 diabetes mellitus only50.69 (−0.31 to 1.68)28.886.1%<0.001Referent
 Type 2 diabetes mellitus was included90.12 (−0.13 to 0.37)24.867.8%0.0020.38
Duration of diabetes
8 years60.11 (−0.19 to 0.41)18.278.0%<0.001Referent
 <8 years80.30 (−0.24 to 0.84)34.977.1%<0.0010.73
Method for determination of HP infection
 Biopsy50.40 (0.22 to 0.58)5.324.8%0.26Referent
 Other methods90.14 (−0.20 to 0.48)34.476.7%<0.0010.83