Insulin Increases Ceramide Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle

Figure 2

Murine myotubes were treated with insulin (50 nM) with or without palmitic acid (PA, 0.5 mM) for 16 h. (a) Following treatment, expressions of multiple enzymes involved with ceramide (SPT1, SPT2, and DES1) and TAG (DGAT1, FAS) metabolism were quantified. ^∗𝑃<0.05, treatment versus control. ^#𝑃<0.05, INS + PA versus other treatments. (b) The time course of insulin treatment (50 nM) revealed that SPT2 gene expression was significantly increased at 1 h and peaked at 4 h. ^∗𝑃<0.05, treatment versus control. (c) The time course of insulin treatment (50 nM) revealed that ceramides were significantly increased at 4 h and sustained through 16 h. ^∗𝑃<0.05, treatment versus control.

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(b)

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