[Retracted] Hyperglycemia Induces Toll-Like Receptor-2 and -4 Expression and Activity in Human Microvascular Retinal Endothelial Cells: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy

Figure 3

High glucose induces increased inflammatory biomediator release: HMVRECs were incubated and treated with 5.5, 15, and 25 mM glucose and mannitol as described in Methods and legend of Figure 1. Thereafter cell supernatants were collected for ELISA. (a) IL-8, (b) IL-1, (c) TNF-, and (d) MCP-1 levels are increased under hyperglycemic conditions. versus controls and versus 15 mM.

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(b)

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