Effectiveness of a Nurse-Managed Protocol to Prevent Hypoglycemia in Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes

Table 3

Multivariable analyses: adjusted ratio of the protocol implementation (phase B) for all and severe hypoglycemic events.

Multivariable model	Variable	Adjusted ratio (95% CI)
1	Mean number of all hypoglycemic events per day with the protocol implementation	0.549 (0.466–0.646)	<0.001
2	Occurrence of any hypoglycemic event during hospital stay with the protocol implementation	0.497 (0.276–0.893)	0.019
3	Mean number of all hypoglycemic events per patient with the protocol implementation	0.100 (0.085–0.120)	<0.001
4	Mean number of severe hypoglycemic events per day with the protocol implementation	0.258 (0.114–0.582)	0.001
5	Severe hypoglycemic event during hospital stay with the protocol implementation	0.152 (0.045–0.519)	0.003
6	Mean number of severe hypoglycemic events per patient with the protocol implementation	0.048 (0.019–0.119)	<0.001

Incidence rate ratio in models 1, 3, 4, and 6; odds ratio in models 2 and 5. CI = confidence intervals.
All models included as covariates: age, sex, history of diabetes, history of malignancy, liver failure, body mass index (kg/m²), estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m²), initial daily s.c. insulin dose (IU/kg/day), infection during hospital stay, and protocol implementation (phase B). Models 2, 3, 5, and 6 also included as covariate the length of s.c. insulin treatment (days).