Protective Effects of Scutellarin on Type II Diabetes Mellitus-Induced Testicular Damages Related to Reactive Oxygen Species/Bcl-2/Bax and Reactive Oxygen Species/Microcirculation/Staving Pathway in Diabetic Rat

Figure 5

FSCU improve diabetes-induced microcirculatory changes. (a)–(d) Colour Doppler sonography analysis was performed in experimental animals. (a) Color Doppler ultrasound image from a diabetes + SCU rat testis showing localization of testicular blood vessel. (b)–(d) Spectral analysis of testicular blood flow rate in control, diabetes, and diabetes + SCU groups, respectively. (k) Quantitative evaluation of velocity. Data presented in (e) are means ± SEM ( per group; significantly different from control group (), ^#significantly different from diabetes group ()). (e)–(j) The images of immunostaining of VEGF and vWF (arrows are used to indicate VEGF or vWF positive cells). (e) and (h) for control group, (f) and (i) for diabetes group, and (g) and (j) for diabetes + SCU group. DAB was used as background staining. VEGF or vWF density (% of area) was determined using Image-Pro Plus to calculate the total area of positive cells. Data in (l) and (m) are presented as means ± SEM, 3 fields per section and 5 sections from each testis, rats for each group. (n) representative western blots show expression of vWF and VEGF. Bar graphs in (o) and (p) present quantitative difference in expression of vWF and VEGF. Data in (l) and (o) are presented as means ± SEM. Significantly different from control group (), ^#Significantly different from diabetes group (). Data in (m) and (p) are presented as means ± SEM, rats for each group. No significantly different from control group (), ^#No significantly different from diabetes group ().