Association of Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase and Ferritin with the Metabolic Syndrome
Table 4
Odds ratios (95% CI) and p values for components of the metabolic syndrome by GGT and ferritin levels in women.
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Model 1†
MS (NCEP)
Abdominal obesity
OR (95% CI)
1
2.8 (1.9–4.2)
7.9 (4.7–13.1)
—
0.006
0.000
Hypertension
OR (95% CI)
1
1.9 (1.1–3.3)
5.8 (3.3–10.2)
—
0.033
0.000
High fasting glucose
OR (95% CI)
1
2.0 (0.9–4.8)
5.2 (2.2–12.2)
—
0.061
0.000
Hypertriglyceridemia
OR (95% CI)
1
2.9 (1.8–4.5)
5.9 (3.5–9.8)
—
0.004
0.000
Low HDL-C
OR (95% CI)
1
1.0 (0.7–1.4)
0.7 (0.4–1.0)
—
0.925
0.170
MS (CDS)
Overweight or obesity
OR (95% CI)
1
3.9 (2.4–6.4)
6.3 (3.6–10.9)
—
0.000
0.000
Dyslipidemia
OR (95% CI)
1
0.9 (0.4–2.2)
1.5 (0.7–3.5)
—
0.281
0.072
Hypertension
OR (95% CI)
1
1.6 (1.0–2.6)
3.3 (2.1–5.3)
—
0.038
0.001
Hyperglycemia
OR (95% CI)
1
2.1 (1.2–4.0)
4.9 (2.5–9.7)
—
0.019
0.000
Insulin resistance (WHO)
OR (95% CI)
1
1.9 (1.3–2.7)
2.2 (1.4–3.5)
—
0.021
0.018
Model 2‡
MS (NCEP)
Abdominal obesity
OR (95% CI)
1
1.8 (1.2–2.8)
2.8 (1.5–5.1)
—
0.025
0.017
Hypertension
OR (95% CI)
1
1.3 (0.7–2.4)
2.9 (1.5–6.0)
—
0.384
0.015
High fasting glucose
OR (95% CI)
1
1.5 (0.6–3.8)
3.6 (1.6–9.9)
—
0.477
0.010
Hypertriglyceridemia
OR (95% CI)
1
1.8 (1.1–3.1)
2.6 (1.4–5.2)
—
0.034
0.021
Low HDL-C
OR (95% CI)
1
0.9 (0.5–1.6)
0.8 (0.4–1.8)
—
0.679
0.653
MS (CDS)
Overweight or obesity
OR (95% CI)
1
2.3 (1.1–4.9)
2.8 (1.7–5.2)
—
0.023
0.015
Dyslipidemia
OR (95% CI)
1
0.8 (0.3–2.3)
0.8 (0.4–2.4)
—
0.946
0.878
Hypertension
OR (95% CI)
1
1.4 (0.8–2.4)
2.3 (1.3–4.3)
—
0.211
0.031
Hyperglycemia
OR (95% CI)
1
1.5 (0.7–3.2)
2.8 (1.2–7.5)
—
0.162
0.018
Insulin resistance (WHO)
OR (95% CI)
1
1.7 (1.1–2.6)
1.7 (1.3–3.4)
—
0.032
0.028
Data are ORs (95% CI) and values. †Before adjustment. ‡After adjustment for place of residence, age, TC, LDL-C, UA, UACR, education, income, recreational physical activity, heavy drinking, heavy smoking, HBsAg, anti-HCV, AST, and ALT.
