Effectiveness of a Peer Support Programme versus Usual Care in Disease Management of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 regarding Improvement of Metabolic Control: A Cluster-Randomised Controlled Trial
Table 4
Differences between groups regarding primary and secondary outcome measures, adjusted for baseline values, age, and ICC.
(I/C)
Mean difference between groups
ICC
value
(95%-CI)
Primary endpoint
HbA (%)
143/185
0.14 (−0.08 to 0.36)
−0.05
0.22
Secondary endpoints
Laboratory results (mg/dL)
Creatinine (mg/dL)
139/162
0.00 (−0.09 to 0.08)
−0.01
0.92
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
139/164
0.17 (−15.54 to 15.88)
0.00
0.98
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
139/164
−2.28 (−10.05 to 5.48)
0.05
0.56
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
139/163
−1.94 (−4.69 to 0.81)
0.17
0.17
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)
136/161
−0.37 (−7.48 to 6.74)
0.06
0.91
Anthropometric measurements
BMI (kg/m2)
133/159
−0.15 (−0.58 to 0.29)
−0.03
0.51
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
128/154
−0.56 (−3.96 to 2.84)
−0.05
0.75
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
128/154
0.51 (−1.39 to 2.41)
−0.02
0.60
UKPDS-Risk Engine: 10-year risk
CHD
76/85
0.10 (−1.75 to 1.95)
0.03
0.92
Fatal CHD
76/85
−0.09 (−1.53 to 1.36)
0.03
0.91
Stroke
76/85
−0.43 (−1.07 to 0.22)
−0.03
0.20
Fatal stroke
76/85
−0.22 (−0.44 to 0.00)
−0.07
0.053
Quality of life (EQ-5D)
Index
128/149
0.04 (−0.00 to 0.08)
−0.01
0.08
VAS
117/130
4.30 (0.08 to 8.53)
0.01
0.046
ICC = intracluster correlation coefficient. adjusted = adjusted mean difference, calculated using mixed models. Mean difference is calculated by subtracting mean pre-post-difference of the control group from mean pre-post-difference of the intervention group. Positive values indicate higher reductions in the intervention group compared to controls. Negative values indicate an increase in the intervention group compared to controls. CHD = coronary heart disease. VAS = visual analogue scale. The reduced is due to the fact that the UKPDS-risk engine can only be applied to patients in primary prevention.
