The Expanded Bead Size of Corneal C-Nerve Fibers Visualized by Corneal Confocal Microscopy Is Associated with Slow Conduction Velocity of the Peripheral Nerves in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Table 4

Relationship between the various measures of corneal nerve fibers and clinical and neurophysiological parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes.

	CNFD		CNFL		CNBD		TG		BF		Bead size
	β		β		β		β		β		β
Gender	−0.056	0.482	−0.054	0.498	0.093	0.240	−0.040	0.617	−0.083	0.295	0.034	0.669
Age	−0.012	0.882	−0.060	0.450	−0.066	0.405	0.004	0.959	−0.026	0.744	0.057	0.475
Duration of DM	−0.094	0.236	−0.083	0.291	−0.071	0.372	0.036	0.645	−0.025	0.750	−0.040	0.617
SBP	−0.107	0.176	−0.105	0.183	0.011	0.886	−0.107	0.174	−0.010	0.902	−0.032	0.685
DBP	−0.132	0.093	−0.113	0.150	0.015	0.848	−0.139	0.079	−0.004	0.961	0.017	0.830
HbA1c	−0.200	0.011	−0.213	0.007	−0.168	0.032	0.003	0.973	−0.080	0.313	0.352	<0.0001
LDL-C	0.028	0.724	0.011	0.891	−0.007	0.925	0.075	0.343	−0.116	0.141	−0.006	0.937
HDL-C	−0.052	0.509	−0.105	0.182	−0.066	0.403	0.032	0.683	0.027	0.731	−0.043	0.586
Triglycerides	−0.038	0.633	−0.060	0.451	−0.077	0.330	0.034	0.670	−0.015	0.848	0.002	0.984
NDS	−0.255	0.001	−0.208	0.008	−0.019	0.815	0.034	0.665	−0.012	0.883	0.203	0.010
MCV of MN	0.199	0.011	0.193	0.014	0.054	0.494	0.063	0.426	0.050	0.526	−0.358	<0.0001
Amplitude of MN	0.208	0.008	0.172	0.028	−0.009	0.914	−0.083	0.292	−0.028	0.722	0.091	0.248
Distal latency of MN	−0.090	0.256	−0.090	0.256	−0.018	0.819	−0.083	0.295	0.065	0.413	0.294	<0.0001
SCV of UN	0.200	0.011	0.225	0.004	0.138	0.079	0.070	0.379	0.037	0.644	−0.273	<0.0001
Amplitude of UN	0.195	0.013	0.215	0.006	0.040	0.616	−0.031	0.699	0.053	0.504	0.083	0.294
SCV of SN	0.201	0.010	0.223	0.004	0.107	0.175	0.105	0.183	0.031	0.698	−0.237	0.002
Amplitude of SN	0.224	0.004	0.232	0.003	0.076	0.339	−0.064	0.417	0.098	0.215	0.004	0.963
Vibration PT	−0.019	0.812	0.029	0.803	0.016	0.837	0.097	0.220	−0.046	0.562	0.199	0.011
	0.161	0.040	0.210	0.007	0.170	0.030	−0.026	0.744	0.009	0.909	−0.098	0.216
Warm PT	0.021	0.790	−0.002	0.985	−0.073	0.358	−0.149	0.058	−0.025	0.753	0.051	0.523
Cold PT	−0.142	0.071	−0.157	0.046	−0.015	0.853	−0.030	0.706	−0.028	0.727	0.025	0.754

BF, beading frequency; CNBD, corneal nerve branch density; CNFD, corneal nerve fiber density; CNFL, corneal nerve fiber length; CV, coefficient of variation; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; DM, diabetes mellitus; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; MCV, motor conduction velocity; MN, median nerve; NDS, Neuropathy Disability Score; PT, perception threshold; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCV, sensory conduction velocity; SN, sural nerve; TG, tortuosity grade; UN, ulnar nerve.