Histone Acetylation and Its Modifiers in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Nephropathy

Table 3

Effect of inhibitors of HATs/HDACs in DN.

Inhibitors category	Name	Target genes	Target renal loci	Effects in DN	References
HATs inhibitors	Curcumin	ECM genes, vasoactive factors; inflammatory genes;	STZ-induced rats; endothelial cell; human monocytes	Reversing ECM proteins and vasoactive factors upregulation; reverse HG-induced cytokines	[40, 56, 63, 64]
	C66	CTGF, PAI-1, and FN-1	STZ-induced mice	Preventing renal fibrosis and dysfunction	[39]
	C646	TXNIP	Diabetic Sur1-E1506K(+/+) mice	Reversing acetylation leading to DN	[34]
HDACs inhibitors	NaB		Juvenile diabetic rats	Decreasing blood glucose, creatinine, and urea; ameliorating histological changes, fibrosis, and apoptosis	[92]
	SAHA	type IV collagen	STZ-induced mice, HUVECs; STZ-induced rats, NRK	Decreasing albuminuria, glomerular hypertrophy	[94, 95]
	TSA		STZ-induced rats, NRK52-E	Blocking TGF-β1 induced ECM accumulation and EMT	[68, 96]
	VPA	TGF-β1, CTGF, FN, collagen I, COX-2, and ICAM-1	STZ-induced diabetic rats	Alleviating renal injury and fibrosis; ameliorating podocyte and renal injury	[97, 98]