Noninvasive Retinal Markers in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advancing from Bench towards Bedside

Figure 4

Retinal images processed by IVAN and used for vascular caliber analysis. Images are divided into zone A and zone B located 0–0.5 and 0.5–1.0 disc diameters from the center. Arterioles are marked in red and venules in blue. (a) Regular IVAN, centered at the optic disc. (b) Modified IVAN, centered at the fovea.

(a)

(b)