Sulodexide Protects Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells from Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury via Upregulating Klotho Expression at an Early Stage of Diabetic Kidney Disease

Figure 4

Effect of AGE-BSA on oxidative stress and klotho expression in cultured PTECs. (a–d) Bar graphs show the changes of SOD (a), GPx (b), ROS (c), and MDA (d) levels in PTECs after exposure to 0, 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL AGE-BSA. (e, f) Protein and mRNA levels of klotho are measured by Western blot and real-time PCR in cultured PTECs after exposure to different concentrations of AGE-BSA. (g, h) Protein and mRNA levels of klotho are assessed by Western blot and real-time PCR in cultured PTECs after exposure to 0, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 mM H₂O₂. Data are expressed as fold of control. and versus 0 μg/mL AGE-BSA.

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