MicroRNAs-Mediated Regulation of Skeletal Muscle GLUT4 Expression and Translocation in Insulin Resistance

Figure 1

SLC2A4/GLUT4 expression regulation by miRNAs in muscle and adipose tissues. Regulation have been proposed to occur directly in GLUT4 translation and/or in transcription factors that regulate SLC2A4 transcription, and, consequently, GLUT4 expression. Several mechanisms are involved in translocation of GLUT4 storage vesicles to the plasma membrane, increasing GLUT4 density and glucose transport. PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; AKT, RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase; PGC1A, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha; ESR1, estrogen receptor 1; KLF15, Krüeppel-like factor 15; GLUT4, solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4; SLC2A4, solute carrier family 2 member 4 gene; miR, microRNA.