Timing of Exercise Affects Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Treated with Metformin
Table 1
Baseline characteristics.
Characteristics
Men ()
Women ()
All ()
Age (years)
53.3 ± 9.3
54.4 ± 8.3
53.8 ± 8.6
Height (cm)
167.1 ± 5.0
156.4 ± 6.8
161.4 ± 8.0
Weight (kg)
73.5 ± 8.4
61.4 ± 12.7
67.0 ± 12.4
BMI (kg/m2)
26.3 ± 2.9
24.9 ± 3.9
25.6 ± 3.5
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)
6.42 ± 1.13
6.42 ± 1.49
6.42 ± 1.31
Fasting insulin (pmol/L)
44.50 ± 22.60
53.29 ± 37.14
49.24 ± 31.01
HbA1c (%)
6.53 ± 0.87
6.24 ± 0.68
6.37 ± 0.77
HbA1c (mmol/mol)
47.80 ± 9.53
44.72 ± 7.44
46.14 ± 8.44
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
4.19 ± 0.62
4.32 ± 0.80
4.26 ± 0.71
Triglyceride (mmol/L)#
1.26 (1.01, 2.07)
1.65 (0.94, 2.48)
1.35 (0.94, 2.48)
HDL-C (mmol/L)#
0.92 (0.70, 1.30)
1.05 (0.84, 1.50)
0.94 (0.80, 1.30)
LDL-C (mmol/L)
2.72 ± 0.59
2.52 ± 0.56
2.62 ± 0.57
Systolic BP (mmHg)
121 ± 13
131 ± 17
127 ± 16
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
73 ± 12
77 ± 9
75 ± 10
Maximal aerobic power (W)
160 ± 46
106 ± 30
131 ± 46
Physical activity (MET min/week)#
1386 (693, 3486)
1559 (1053, 2772)
1386 (693, 2772)
Metformin dose with breakfast (g)##
0.25
4
3
7
0.5
5
7
12
0.85
3
4
7
Data are expressed as mean (SD) or median (interquartile range). BP: blood pressure; BMI: body mass index; HbA1c: glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; IPAQ: International Physical Activity Questionnaire; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MET: metabolic equivalent of task. #Values expressed as median (interquartile range) due to nonnormality. ##Values were counts. Significant difference between gender ().
