Journal of Diabetes Research

Research Article

The U-Shaped Association between Bilirubin and Diabetic Retinopathy Risk: A Five-Year Cohort Based on 5323 Male Diabetic Patients

Table 3

HRs and 95% CI of DR incidence according to baseline TBiL levels (μmol/L).
Variable typeHR (95% CI)
Continuous variable0.956 (0.934–0.983)0.001
Quintiles 0.017
 Q1 (≤9.20)1.838 (1.233–2.740) 
 Q2 (9.20–12.60)1.705 (1.138–2.555) 
 Q3 (12.60–13.80)1.00 (Ref) 
 Q4 (13.80–16.50)1.678 (1.109–2.540) 
 Q5 (≥16.50)1.903 (1.275–2.841) 
Adjusted for age, marital status, current smoking, current alcohol drinking, BMI, baseline Hb, ALT, baseline prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia, control of diabetes, duration of diabetes, and follow-up TBiL changes (as continuous variable) in the model.