Research Article
Teens with Type 1 Diabetes: How Does Their Nutrition Measure Up?
Table 3
Bivariate associations among demographic and nutritional variables and all health measures.
| | Systolic BP | Diastolic BP | HbA1C | BMI% | LDL | β | value | β | value | β | value | β | value | β | value |
| Age | 2.18 | <0.0001 | 0.92 | 0.03 | 0.17 | 0.05 | 0.63 | 0.62 | 4.46 | 0.007 | Sex (boys vs. girls)1 | 0.47 | 0.73 | −0.72 | 0.49 | 0.09 | 0.68 | −4.72 | 0.13 | −2.20 | 0.59 | Duration | 0.46 | 0.04 | 0.18 | 0.31 | 0.003 | 0.82 | −0.15 | 0.77 | 1.53 | 0.03 | SES | 1.17 | 0.14 | 0.68 | 0.27 | 0.61 | <0.0001 | 1.86 | 0.32 | 2.13 | 0.37 | Ethnicity (non-Caucasian vs. Caucasian)2 | 2.96 | 0.04 | 2.78 | 0.01 | 0.84 | 0.0003 | 5.53 | 0.10 | 8.77 | 0.04 | Insulin regimen3 | −0.85 | 0.55 | 1.41 | 0.19 | 0.69 | 0.002 | 5.29 | 0.10 | 3.82 | 0.37 | Fats (% energy) | 0.0001 | 0.99 | −0.14 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.0002 | −0.02 | 0.92 | −0.28 | 0.33 | Carbohydrates (% energy) | −0.05 | 0.51 | 0.13 | 0.04 | −0.05 | 0.0004 | 0.10 | 0.58 | 0.07 | 0.78 | Proteins (% energy) | 0.42 | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.31 | 0.42 | 0.78 | 0.12 | Dietary fiber | −0.09 | 0.42 | −0.12 | 0.13 | −0.04 | 0.02 | −0.21 | 0.39 | −0.38 | 0.22 | Fats (in range versus) | | | | | | | | | | | Less than recommended | 1.14 | 0.69 | 0.20 | 0.93 | −0.24 | 0.60 | −2.21 | 0.74 | 12.46 | 0.12 | More than recommended | 1.86 | 0.19 | –0.60 | 0.58 | 0.70 | 0.001 | 1.35 | 0.67 | −0.52 | 0.90 | Carbohydrates (in range versus) | | | | | | | | | | | Less than recommended | −0.41 | 0.80 | −0.08 | 0.95 | 0.74 | 0.003 | −2.21 | 0.56 | −3.76 | 0.44 | More than recommended | −1.43 | 0.46 | 1.29 | 0.38 | 0.01 | 0.97 | −4.43 | 0.32 | −0.88 | 0.88 | Proteins (in range versus) | | | | | | | | | | | Not in range | 1.17 | 0.39 | −1.12 | 0.28 | 0.21 | 0.34 | −4.91 | 0.11 | 2.78 | 0.50 | Dietary fiber (in range versus) | | | | | | | | | | | Not in range | −2.22 | 0.64 | −7.07 | 0.05 | 0.61 | 0.42 | −14.89 | 0.18 | 4.19 | 0.75 |
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Estimates based on linear regression analysis. Bold = . 1Boys coded as 0. 2Caucasian coded as 1. 3Flexible regimen coded as 1. |