Potent Oral Hypoglycemic Agents for Microvascular Complication: Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Diabetic Retinopathy

Table 2

Clinical characteristics of patients in the SGLT2i and control groups after propensity score matching.

	SGLT2i ()	Control ()	value
Age (years)	51.3 ± 9.7	49.4 ± 11.2	0.772
Sex (male : female)	16 : 5	12 : 9	0.190
Follow-up period (months)	20.1 ± 7.8	23.8 ± 13.6	0.512
Medical history
Duration of diabetes (years)	11.3 ± 8.9	11.0 ± 10.4	0.565
Presence of hypertension	10/21	8/21	0.533
Presence of CVD	2/21	3/21	0.634
Initial laboratory data
HbA1c (%)	9.6 ± 2.2	9.4 ± 1.9	0.930
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	170.8 ± 45.5	167.2 ± 45.4	0.798
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	181.4 ± 129.7	136.1 ± 72.6	0.177
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	48.5 ± 11.6	44.6 ± 7.2	0.391
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	91.2 ± 35.3	100.4 ± 41.4	0.425
Last laboratory data
HbA1c (%)	8.1 ± 1.3	7.9 ± 1.9	0.804
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	156.3 ± 35.6	150.1 ± 34.8	0.622
Triglycerides (mg/dL)	162.0 ± 90.3	123.1 ± 46.9	0.153
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	48.9 ± 9.6	43.9 ± 7.7	0.131
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)	75.3 ± 25.5	82.1 ± 26.8	0.516
Initial ETDRS score			0.872
20, 35 (mild NPDR)	3	5
43, 47 (moderate NPDR)	13	13
53 (severe NPDR)	2	2
61, 65, 71, 75, 81 (PDR)	3	1
DR severity (worsened : stable)	3 : 18	11 : 10	0.009
No. of IVT	0.7 ± 1.2	1.5 ± 2.2	0.255

Data are presented as means ± standard deviations. CVD = cardiovascular disease; DR = diabetic retinopathy; ETDRS = Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; IVT = intravitreal anti-VEGF injection; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; NPDR = nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR = proliferative diabetic retinopathy; SGLT2i = sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor. .