Myoinositol in the Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Is It Sensible?

Table 1

Randomized trials of myoinositol supplementation to prevent GDM.

Study	Type of the study	Intervention	Population	Inclusion criteria	Outcomes
Corrado et al., 2011 [8]	Randomized controlled open-label study	2 g myoinositol +200 mcg folic acid vs. 200 mcg folic acid (placebo) twice/day	MI group: 24; Control group: 45	GDM (OGTT between 24 and 28 weeks)	HOMA-IR decreased significantly greater in MI group (); Adiponectin levels increased in the MI group and decreased in the placebo group ()
D’Anna et al., 2013 [9]	Randomized controlled open-label study	2 g myoinositol +200 mcg folic acid vs. 200 mcg folic acid (placebo) twice/day	MI group: 110; Control group: 110	First-degree relatives affected by type 2 diabetes; Single pregnancy; Prepregnancy  kg/m^2; Fasting plasma  mg/dL and random  mg/dL	The incidence of GDM reduced in MI group compared with the placebo group (); Mean fetal weight at delivery reduced in MI group.
D’Anna et al., 2015 [19]	Randomized controlled open-label study	2 g myoinositol +200 mcg folic acid vs. 200 mcg folic acid (placebo) twice/day	MI group: 110; Control group: 110	Prepregnancy  kg/m^2; Age 18-45; Fasting  mg/dL	The incidence of GDM reduced in the MI group compared with the placebo group ()
Matarrelli et al., 2013 [17]	Randomized controlled double-blind study	2 g myoinositol +200 mcg folic acid vs. 200 mcg folic acid (placebo) twice/day	MI group: 36; Control group: 39	Single pregnancy; Elevated fasting glucose ( mg/dL and 126 mg/dL) in the first or early second trimester	The incidence of GDM reduced in MI group compared with placebo group (); Less necessary of insulin therapy at a later gestational age, higher gestational age at delivery in the MI group
Malvasi et al., 2014 [18]	Randomized controlled double-blind study	2 g myoinositol +400 mcg D-chiroinositol +400 mcg folic acid +10 mg manganese vs. placebo daily	Study group: 24; Control group: 24	Healthy pregnancies 13-24 weeks; kg/m^2 and <30 kg/m^2; Age 30-40	Reduction of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol
Santamaria et al., 2016 [20]	Randomized controlled open-label study	2 g myoinositol +200 mcg folic acid vs. 200 mcg folic acid (placebo) twice/day	MI group: 110; Control group: 110	Single pregnancy; Prepregnancy  kg/m^2 and <30 kg/m^2; First trimester fasting  mg/dL and/or random  mg/dL	The incidence of GDM reduced in the MI group compared with the placebo group ()