Famine Exposure in Early Life and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adulthood: Comparisons of Different Metabolic Syndrome Definitions

Table 3

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of metabolic syndrome in relation to different life stages at famine exposure.

Exposure stages	Prevalence of MetS (%)	Model 1	Model 2
NCEP-ATP III criterion
Unexposed	25.4	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Fetal-exposed	34.3	1.25 (1.03-1.52)	1.22 (1.00-1.49)
Childhood-exposed	41.1	1.37 (1.15-1.62)	1.30 (1.08-1.58)
Adolescence/adult-exposed	49.8	1.35 (1.01-1.80)	1.25 (0.89-1.73)
CDS criterion
Unexposed	17.8	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Fetal-exposed	25.7	1.29 (1.04-1.59)	1.29 (1.04-1.60)
Childhood-exposed	31.1	1.36 (1.13-1.64)	1.31 (1.10-1.60)
Adolescence/adult-exposed	45.3	1.67 (1.23-2.26)	1.62 (1.19-2.21)
IDF criterion
Unexposed	21.8	1.00 (Ref)	1.00 (Ref)
Fetal-exposed	29.5	1.21 (0.99-1.48)	1.23 (1.00-1.52)
Childhood-exposed	35.4	1.26 (1.06-1.51)	1.27 (1.04-1.55)
Adolescence/adult-exposed	43.5	1.21 (0.90-1.63)	1.23 (0.88-1.72)

Model 1: adjusted for age and sex. Model 2: adjusted for age, study cohort, residential area, sex, education levels, income levels, current smoking, and current drinking.