Diabetes and its complications are becoming an emerging pandemic. Vascular endothelial cells play a major role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic micro- and macrovascular diseases. The fundamental mechanism contributing to vascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy has yet to translate into effective therapeutics. Uncovering novel mechanism governing endothelium dysfunction, new concepts about biological pathways involved in diabetic tissue injury and identification of new therapeutics are of significance. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in diabetes are reduced and are dysfunctional, suggesting EPC as a biomarker for diabetes and a prospective approach for regenerative medicine.

In this special issue, investigators are invited to publish their original research as well as review articles on the role of endothelial dysfunction in the etiology and pathogenesis of the micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes, as well as therapeutic practice.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Novel molecular mechanism of hyperglycemia on endothelial dysfunction and complications
• Stress signaling in diabetic endothelial dysfunction and complications
• Diabetic retinopathy and renal microangiopathy
• Diabetic atherosclerosis, coronary, carotid, and peripheral arteries
• Therapeutic approaches including EPC for diabetic endothelium repair
• Diabetic vascular injury, vascular remodeling, and wound healing