Application of Chaos Theory in Trucks' Overloading Enforcement

Table 2

Coefficients and mean square errors in chaos and simple exponential smoothing.

	Method		Simple exponential smoothing			Chaos theory (Δ𝑡=1)
Axle configuration	Number of vehicles	Overload	𝛼best	MSE	𝜆max	𝛽best	MSE
3 axle 10 wheel	12898	Axle	0.56	0.0017	0.1769	1.3183	0.0016
		Total	0.52	0.0021	0.2018	1.3528	0.0021
5 axle 12 wheel	4211	Axle	0.24	0.0030	0.2176	1.5065	0.0026
		Total	0.39	0.0022	0.0917	1.1045	0.0024
5 axle 18 wheel	25525	Axle	0.71	≈0	0.0289	1.0051	≈0
		Total	≈1	0.0004	0.0957	1.1360	0.0003
Total	42634	Axle	0.67	0.0004	0.3186	2.9942	0.0003
		Total	0.82	0.0008	0.2600	0.8735	0.0004