Optimization of Performance and Emission Characteristics of Diesel Engine with Biodiesel Using Grey-Taguchi Method

Table 4

Experimental results of engine performances and emissions.

No. of exp.	Factors			Engine performance			Emission characteristics
	Load; (%)	Blend	Compression ratio	BP; (kw)	BSFC; (gm/kw-hr)	BTE	CO; (%vol)	HC; (ppm/vol)	CO2; (%vol)	O2; (%vol)	NO𝑥; (ppm /vol)
1	20.00	0	14	1.223	632.784	13.521	0.35	58	4.8	14.2	117
2	20.00	25	15	1.138	624.431	14.207	0.36	70	4	15.03	105
3	20.00	50	16	1.200	509.584	18.029	0.17	43	3.8	15.53	218
4	20.00	75	17	1.190	474.778	20.317	0.08	17	4	15.45	400
5	20.00	100	18	1.150	599.332	17.734	0.06	11	4.2	15.36	596
6	40.00	0	15	2.330	365.421	23.414	0.06	25	5.6	13.64	702
7	40.00	25	16	2.260	362.915	24.445	0.07	41	5.6	13.33	726
8	40.00	50	17	2.250	345.877	26.562	0.04	37	5.4	13.71	843
9	40.00	75	18	2.342	337.708	28.564	0.05	13	6	13.15	963
10	40.00	100	14	2.443	399.555	26.601	0.21	23	5.8	13.3	247
11	60.00	0	16	3.403	271.750	31.485	0.01	22	7.3	11.42	1154
12	60.00	25	17	3.351	293.691	30.207	0.02	31	7.4	11.28	1316
13	60.00	50	18	3.475	271.973	33.780	0.02	39	7.2	11.5	1130
14	60.00	75	14	3.282	327.154	29.485	0.1	32	7.8	10.86	859
15	60.00	100	15	3.431	317.996	33.424	0.07	18	7.3	11.62	983
16	80.00	0	17	4.469	255.027	33.550	0.02	7	1.1	19.25	123
17	80.00	25	18	4.497	255.320	34.747	0.04	34	9.5	8.59	1240
18	80.00	50	14	4.319	283.192	32.442	0.08	55	9.6	8.6	1298
19	80.00	75	15	4.326	287.354	33.569	0.05	30	9.3	9.05	1337
20	80.00	100	16	4.412	299.319	35.510	0.05	21	9	9.57	1463
21	100.00	0	18	5.272	277.365	30.848	0.32	16	4.5	14.69	482
22	100.00	25	14	5.570	284.662	31.165	0.73	84	11.6	5.29	1209
23	100.00	50	15	5.411	287.639	31.940	0.3	65	11.3	6.06	1350
24	100.00	75	16	5.281	299.598	32.197	0.17	39	11.2	6.57	1360
25	100.00	100	17	5.539	300.610	35.357	0.12	29	11.1	6.81	1410