Research Article
Sediment and Cavitation Erosion Studies through Dam Tunnels
Table 11
Volume fraction of water vapors and volume fraction gradient in Tunnel 2 under various head conditions.
| | Head | Main bend | Main branch | Outlet branches
Out1~Out6 | Max. water vapor volume fraction gradient (m−1) | Max. volume fraction of water vapors |
| | Volume fraction of water vapors and volume fraction gradient | | High | 0.75 | 0.98 | 0.98 | 1.729 | 0.980 | | Medium | 0.73 | 0.97 | 0.97 | 1.792 | 0.977 | | Low | 0.72 | 0.96 | 0.96 | 1.764 | 0.967 |
| | Euler or cavitation numbers | | High | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.13 | — | — | | Medium | 0.43 | 1.11 | 0.63 | — | — | | Low | 0.41 | 1.23 | 0.36 | — | — |
|
|
