Seismic Behaviour of Buried Pipelines: 3D Finite Element Approach
Figure 10
Deformed diagram of single and double bend pipeline due to PGD at the end of the nonlinear static analysis. (a) Burial depth = 0.5, (b) burial depth = , (c) burial depth = 2, (d) spacing = 0.5, (e) spacing = , and (f) spacing = 2.
