Research Article

Health-Related Factors Associated with Mode of Travel to Work

Table 2

Univariate influences on walking, biking, driving, and taking public transit to work, meeting physical activity recommendations via active transport modes.

Variable Walking to work at least 1 time/week Biking to work at least 1 time/week Driving to work at least 1 time/week Public transit to work at least 1 time/week Meeting physical activity recommendations via active transport modes
OR95% CIOR95% CIOR95% CIOR95% CIOR95% CI

Demographic variables
 Age 0.97**0.95–0.990.93***0.92–0.951.04***1.03–1.060.97**0.95–0.990.93***0.91–0.95
 Income
   $30,000/year (referent)11111
  $30,000–60,000/year0.710.29–1.710.38**0.20–0.711.10.52–2.320.670.32–1.410.32***0.17–0.63
   $60,000/year0.640.26–1.410.33***0.18–0.601.940.94–4.050.46*0.23–0.930.24***0.13–0.45
 Sex: female (male referent) 0.850.54–1.350.31***0.22–0.432.88***1.98–4.190.60**0.41–0.870.28***0.19–0.41
 Race
  Non-Hispanic White
  (referent)
 11111
  Non-Hispanic Black 0.730.17–3.130.330.08–1.380.910.31–2.641.650.63–4.360.190.04–1.92
  All other racial/ethnic
  groups
 2.99**1.44–6.253.04***1.65–5.590.21***0.11–0.392.32*1.17–4.603.41***1.77–6.57
Health-related variables
 Number of chronic disease0.960.77–1.180.78*0.65–0.942.13**1.72–2.641.030.88–1.220.76*0.61–0.96
 Reporting chronic disease
 (no disease as referent)
  CV pulmonary disease0.980.59–1.631.370.92–2.043.37***2.20–5.160.880.58–1.330.58*0.34–0.97
  Metabolic disease0.580.25–1.350.26***0.11–0.604.20***2.11–8.371.230.67–2.250.58*0.35–0.97
  Musculoskeletal disease1.10.52-2.331.730.91–3.283.29***1.70–6.371.210.66–2.210.34*0.14–0.85
  Depression1.280.72–2.281.210.78–1.872.75***1.64–4.630.680.44–1.091.140.67–1.93
 Body mass index
  Normal weight11111
  Overweight0.770.47–1.270.58**0.39–0.851.340.88–2.040.980.64–1.510.62*0.39–0.97
  Obese0.46*0.23–0.930.26***0.14–0.472.59**1.40–4.790.770.44–1.340.35**0.18–0.67
Psychological variables
 Perceived health statusa1.64**1.24–2.171.98***1.59–2.450.63***0.49–0.800.870.69–1.111.64***1.28–2.11
 Perceived health benefits of
 AC
1.030.99–1.061.05***1.03–1.080.980.95–1.010.990.97–1.021.04**1.01–1.07

Note: , , , ascale ranges 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent), and AC: active commuting.