Role of Environmental Chemicals in Obesity: A Systematic Review on the Current Evidence

Table 2

Summary of mechanisms suggested for main obesogen chemicals.

Mechanism	Acting by	Chemicals
Metabolic sensors	PPAR, RXR, TR	TBT, TPT, PFCs, phthalate
Sex steroid dysregulations	CYP19, ER, AR	TBT, TPT, phthalate, BPA, alkylphenol, phytoestrogen, DES
Central integration of energy balance	PH, HPA, EC, NE	TBT, TPT, phthalate, BPA, alkylphenol, phytoestrogen, SSRI, typical antidepressant, atypical antipsychotic
Metabolic point	GR signaling(11_HSD), HPT	TBT, TPT, PBDEs, Dithiocarbamates, Glycyrrhetinic acid,TZD

TBT: tributyltin; TPT: triphenyltin; BPA: bisphenol A; PFCs: perfluoroalkyl compounds; PBDEs: polybrominated diphenyl ethers; DES: diethylstilbestrol; SSRI: selective serotoninreuptake inhibitor; TZD: thiazolidinediones; NE: neuroendocrine effects; PH: peptidergic hormones; EC: endocannabinoid; HPT: hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid; HPA: hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal.; TR: thyroid hormone receptor; PPAR: peroxisome proliferator activated receptors; RXR: 9-cis retinoic acid receptor; ER: estrogen receptors; AR: androgen receptors.