Abstract
We study the boundedness of rough bilinear fractional integral on Morrey spaces and modified Morrey spaces and obtain some sufficient and necessary conditions on the parameters. Furthermore, we consider the boundedness of on generalized central Morrey space . These extend some known results.
1. Introduction
In recent years, multilinear analysis becomes a very active research topic in studying harmonic analysis. As one of the most important operators, the multilinear fractional integral has also attracted much attention. In this note, we will consider the multilinear fractional integral with rough kernel. For fixed distinct and nonzero real numbers , and , the -linear fractional with rough kernel is defined by where () is homogeneous of degree zero on , and denotes the unit sphere of .
When , The boundedness of operator has been well studied in [1, 2]. Recently, Hendar and Idha discussed the boundedness property of on generalized Morrey space in [3].
Here, without loss of generality, we will study the case . More specifically, we will study the rough bilinear fractional integral:
The study of the operators and its related operators with rough kernel recently attracted many attentions. In 2002, Ding and Chin first discussed its boundedness. The following theorem is their main result:
Theorem A (see [4]). Let , and , . If
there exists a positive constant such that for any , ,
(1) when ,
(2) when ,
Later, when , Chen and Fan in [5] relaxed the conditions of in Theorem A using Hölder inequality. Their main result is as follows.
Theorem B. Let , , and If , then there exists a positive constant such that
We note that when , Hölder inequality is not sufficient in Theorem B. So how to relax the index of is left. In fact, in [6, 7] the authors have obtained the necessary and sufficient conditions on the parameters for the -linear fractional integral operator with rough kernel from to by using the pointwise rearrangement estimate of the -linear convolution.
Theorem C. Let , and be homogeneous of degree zero on , , let be the harmonic mean of , and . Then the condition is necessary and sufficient for the boundedness of from to .
This paper is organized as follows: in the second part of this work we prove some boundedness properties of on Morrey space and extend Theorem C to Morrey spaces; in the third part, we obtain the sufficient and necessary conditions on the parameters for the boundedness of on modified Morrey space; in the last part, we find the sufficient condition on the pair which ensures the boundedness of the operators on the generalized center Morrey space. Since Morrey space, modified Morrey space and central Morrey space all can be seen as generalized space.
2. The Boundedness of on Morrey Space
The classical Morrey spaces were originally introduced by Morrey in [8] to study the local behavior of solutions to second-order elliptic partial differential equations. The reader can find more details in [9].
For and , let denotes the open ball centered at of radius , and is the Lebesgue measure of the ball . When and , Morrey space is defined by where
If , then and . When , . So we only consider the case .
Since Morrey space can be seen as the generalized space, we will be interested in the boundedness of on Morry space . In order to prove our results, we need the following bilinear maximal function:
Lemma 2.1. Let , and . If then there exists a positive constant such that
Proof. In [10], Fefferman and Stein have proved that for every , , there is a constant such that for any measurable functions on and , the following inequality holds,
where is the Hardy-LittleWood maximal function. Set be the characteristic function , when , by the above inequality, we can get
where .
Taking , , is the characteristic function of a ball in , by simple calculating,
that is, . For More details, see [11] about the boundedness of Hardy-Littlewood maximal function on Morrey space.
So when , , , we have
Theorem 2.2. Suppose , and let be homogeneous of degree zero on , let be the harmonic mean of and , , and . If then there exists a positive constant such that
Proof. Let , , , for and , we can get , . First, is decomposed by
Estimate of is
and estimate of is
For , we have the following estimates:
Combining the above estimates, we have
Let , then
By computation, we get
Taking the supremum of , we have
Hence
Theorem 2.3. Suppose , and let be homogeneous of degree zero on , let be the harmonic mean of and , , , and , , then the condition is necessary and sufficient for the boundedness of from to .
Proof. Sufficiency part of Theorem 2.3 is proved in Theorem 2.2.
Necessity. Let and , . Denote and . Then we have
Since is bounded from to , it is true that
where depends only on , , , and .
If , then in the case , for all , , we have .
If , then in the case , for all , , we have .
Therefore, we get .
Corollary 2.4. Let , be homogeneous of degree zero on , be the harmonic mean of and , , , and . If then there exists a positive constant such that
Proof. By Hölder inequality, it is easy to know when , we have , through the given condition, . Applying Theorem 2.2, we get
From the inequality and Theorem 2.2, we obtain an Olsen inequality involving a multiplication operator.
Corollary 2.5. Suppose , and let be homogeneous of degree zero on , let be the harmonic mean of and , , , , and . If One has
3. The Boundedness of on Modified Morrey Space
After studying Morrey spaces in detail, people are led to considering the local and global counterpart. There are many famous work by V. I. Burenkov, H. V. Guliyev and V. S. Guliyev, and so forth and (see [12–20]). Recently, Guliyev et al. have considered the following modified Morrey spaces in [21].
Definition 3.1. Let , and . is defined as the set of all functions , with the finite norms
Note that
and if or , then .
In [21], the authors discussed the boundedness of maximal function in modified Morrey spaces and obtained the following generalized Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities in modified Morrey spaces.
Theorem D. Let and . If , then condition is necessary and sufficient for the boundedness of the operator from to .
We also can extend Theorem D to the multilinear case.
Lemma 3.2. Let , and . If then there exists a positive constant such that
Proof. When , the following inequality:
holds, where is the Hardy-littlewood maximal function and .
Taking , . Using the method in [21], we get .
Hence, with the same arguments in Lemma 2.1, we complete the proof of Lemma 3.2.
Theorem 3.3. Suppose , and let be homogeneous of degree zero on , let be the harmonic mean of and , , , and , . Then the condition is necessary and sufficient for the boundedness of from to .
Proof. (1) Sufficiency. Let , , , since and , we can get , and .
Do the same decomposition of in the proof of Theorem 2.2, then we only need to estimate . We can easily obtain
For , we get
While , we obtain
Thus, we obtain
Set
we have
Hence, by the boundedness of in Lemma 3.2, we prove that is bounded from to .
(2) Necessity. Let and , . Denote , , and . Then from [21], we have
By the boundedness of , we have
If , then in the case , for all , , we have .
If , then in the case , for all , , we have .
Therefor .
4. The Boundedness of on Generalized Center Morrey Space
Definition 4.1. Let be a positive measurable function on and . We denote by the generalized central Morrey space, the space of all functions with finite quasinorm
where denotes a ball centered at with side length and is the Lebesgue measure of the ball .
According to this definition, we recover the spaces under the choice . About the space, the readers can refer to [22], In fact, we can easily check that is a Banach space, reduce to when , and .
There are many papers that discussed the conditions on to obtain the boundedness of fractional integral on the generalized Morrey spaces, see [23, 24]. In [25] the following condition was imposed on the pair :
for the fractional integral , where and () does not depend on .
Theorem E (see [26]). The inequality holds for all nonnegative and nonincreasing g on if and only if and , where the is the Hardy operator
In this section we are going to discuss the boundedness of on generalized central Morrey space.
Lemma 4.2. Suppose , , , and , then for , the inequality holds for any ball and for all and .
Proof. Let , , and . For any , set , we write
Hence
Since is bounded from to , we have
where the constant is independent of and .
To estimate , it follows that
So
By the same estimating, we also can obtain
To estimate , we get
Combining the above estimates, we end the proof of Lemma 4.2.
Theorem 4.3. Suppose , , , , and . If satisfies the condition and satisfies the condition where the constant does not depend on r. Let , then is bounded from to .
Proof. By Theorem E and Lemma 4.2, we have
Corollary 4.4. Suppose , , , , , , , and , then is bounded from to .
Remark 4.5. Although we worked on the bilinear case. Applying same ideas in the argument, we may obtain similar extension of .
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the referees for useful comments which improve the presentation of this paper. This research is supported by NSFZJ (Grant no. Y604563) and NSFC (Grant no. 11271330).