Abstract

Let be a completely regular Hausdorff space, and let and be Banach spaces. Let be the space of all -valued bounded, continuous functions defined on , equipped with the strict topologies , where . General integral representation theorems of -continuous linear operators with respect to the corresponding operator-valued measures are established. Strongly bounded and -continuous operators are studied. We extend to “the completely regular setting” some classical results concerning operators on the spaces and , where is a compact or a locally compact space.

1. Introduction and Terminology

Throughout the paper let and be real Banach spaces, and let and denote the Banach duals of and , respectively. By and we denote the closed unit ball in and , respectively. By we denote the space of all bounded linear operators . Given a locally convex space by or we will denote its topological dual. We denote by the weak topology on with respect to a dual pair .

Assume that is a completely regular Hausdorff space. Let stand for the Banach space of all bounded continuous, -valued functions on provided with the uniform norm . We write instead of . By we denote the Banach dual of . For let for .

Let (resp., ) be the algebra (resp., -algebra) of Baire sets in , which is the algebra (resp., -algebra) generated by the class of all zero sets of functions of . By we denote the family of all cozero sets in . Let stand for the Banach space of all totally -measurable functions (the uniform limits of sequences of -valued -simple functions) provided with the uniform norm (see [1, 2]). We will write instead of .

Strict topologies on and (for ) play an important role in the topological measure theory (see [3–12] for definitions and more details). Recall that a subset of is said to be solid if and with for imply that . Then are locally convex-solid topologies on ; that is, they have a local base at consisting of convex and solid sets (see [6, Theorem 8.1], [10, Theorem 5]). We have and . For a net in , for if and only if for in (see [6, 10]).

Let stand for the algebraic tensor product of and ; that is, is the space of all functions , where , for , and for . Then is dense in for (see [6, 8]). Moreover, is dense in if or is a -space (see [6, Theorem 5.2], [13]) and in if is real-compact (see [10, Theorem 7]).

Let denote the Banach space of all continuous functions such that is a relatively compact set in , provided with the uniform norm . Then .

Linear operators from the spaces and , equipped with the strict topologies to a locally convex space , were studied by Katsaras and Liu [14], Aguayo-Garrido, Nova-Yanéz and Sanchez [15, 16], and Khurana [17]. In particular, Katsaras and Liu found an integral representation of weakly compact operators and characterizations of -continuous and weakly compact operators for (see [14, Theorems 3, 4, 5]). Aguayo-Arrido and Nova-Yanéz derived a Riesz representation theorem for -continuous and weakly compact operators for in terms of their representing operator measures (see [15, Theorems 5 and 6]). If is a locally compact space, continuous operators on were studied by Dobrakov (see [18]) and Mitter and Young (see [19]).

In this paper we develop the theory of continuous linear operators from , equipped with the strict topologies to a Banach space . In particular, we extend to “the completely regular setting” some classical results of Brooks and Lewis (see [20, Theorem 5], [21, Theorem 5.2], [22, Theorem 2.1]) concerning operators on the spaces and , where is a compact or a locally compact space, respectively. In Section 2, using the device of embedding the space into (the Banach bidual of ), we state the integral representation of bounded linear operators from to . In Section 3 we derive general Riesz representation theorems for -continuous linear operators with respect to the corresponding measures (see Theorems 9 and 14 below). Section 4 is devoted to the study of -continuous and strongly bounded operators .

2. Integral Representation of Bounded Linear Operators on

Let stand for the Banach lattice of all Baire measures on , provided with the norm (= the total variation of ). Due to the Alexandrov representation theorem can be identified with through the lattice isomorphism , where for and (see [4, Theorem 5.1]).

By we denote the set of all finitely additive measures with the following properties:(i)for each , the function defined by belongs to ,(ii), where stands for the variation of on .

In view of [23, Theorem 2.5] can be identified with through the linear mapping , where for and . Then one can embed into by the mapping , where for ,

Let denote the canonical embedding; that is, for , . Moreover, let stand for the left inverse of ; that is, .

Assume that is a bounded linear operator. Let where and denote the conjugate and biconjugate operators of , respectively. Then we can define a measure (called a representing measure of ) byThen , where the semivariation of on is defined by , where the supremum is taken over all finite -partitions of and for each . For let us put

Let stand for the variation of on . Then (see [1, Section 4, Proposition 5])

The following general properties of the operator are well known (see [1, Section 6], [2, Section 1], [13, 24]):and for each ,

For let From the general properties of it follows that Hence for each we get and hence . Moreover, we haveand using (5) we get

By we will denote the space of all measures such that and for each . Thus the representing measure of belongs to .

For any defineThen is a bounded linear operator. Let stand for the canonical embedding; that is, for , Let Then

The following lemma will be useful.

Lemma 1. Let be a bounded linear operator. Then for any and .

Proof. Let . Then for each , Hence we have On the other hand, for each ,  , and hence It follows that , as desired.

From Lemma 1 for and we get that is,

Now we are ready to prove the following Bartle-Dunford-Schwartz type theorem (see [25, Theorem 5, pages 153-154]).

Theorem 2. Let be a bounded linear operator and let be its representing measure. Then for each the following statements are equivalent.(i) is weakly compact.(ii) for each and is a relatively weakly compact set in .(iii) is strongly bounded.

Proof. (i)(ii) Assume that is weakly compact. Then by the Gantmacher theorem and is weakly compact (see [26, Theorem 17.2]). Hence and is weakly compact. In view of (21) for each , for and is strongly bounded (see [25, Theorem 1, page 148]). It follows that is a relatively weakly compact subset of (see [24, Theorem 7]).
(ii)(iii) It follows from [24, Theorem 7].
(iii)(i) Assume that is strongly bounded. Then by (21) is weakly compact and in view of (16) we derive that is weakly compact.

3. Integral Representation of Continuous Linear Operators on

The spaces of all -additive, -additive, perfect, -additive, and tight members of will be denoted by , , , , and , respectively (see [3, 4]). Then for .

For the integration theory of functions with respect to we refer the reader to [6, page 197], [5, Definition 3.10], [27, page 375]. For let Then if (see [5, Proposition 3.9], [6, Theorem 3.1], [10, Theorem 1]). For let us put, for , It is known that is additive and positively homogeneous and can be extended to a linear functional on (denoted by again) by for .

Theorem 3. Assume that and is dense in (resp., ; and is dense in ; ; ). Then the following statements hold.(i)For a linear functional on the following conditions are equivalent.(a) is -continuous.(b)There exists a unique such that (ii)For , for .

Proof. (i) See [6, Theorems 5.3 and 4.2, Corollary 3.9], [5, Theorem 3.13], and [10, Theorem 8].
(ii) See [6, Theorem 2.1].

Assume that is a subset of and , where . Then we say that satisfies the condition if we have the following:(1)for : whenever , ;(2)for : for every partition of unity for and every there exists a finite set in such that ;(3)for : for every continuous function from onto a separable metric space and every , there is a compact subset of such that ;(4)for : whenever , ;(5)for : for every there exists a compact subset of such that for each .

The following lemmas will be useful.

Lemma 4. Assume that is a subset of and , where and is -dense in (resp., ; and is -dense in ; ; ). Then the following statements are equivalent.(i) is -equicontinuous.(ii) is -equicontinuous.(iii) is -equicontinuous.(iv)The condition holds.

Proof. (i)(ii) See [9, Lemma 2].
(ii)(iii) It follows from Theorem 3.
(iii)(iv) See [4, Theorem 11.14] for ; [28, Proposition 3.6] for ; [28, Proposition 2.6] for ; [4, Theorem 11.24] for ; and [28, Proposition 1.1] for .

Lemma 5. Assume that and is -dense in (resp., ; , and is -dense in ;  ; ). Let . Then for the following statements hold.(i)A functional defined by is -continuous and can by uniquely extended to a -continuous linear functional , and one will write the following: (ii) for .