DoE Method for Operating Parameter Optimization of a Dual-Fuel BioEthanol/Diesel Light Duty Engine

Table 2

Fuel properties.

Feature	Method	Commercial diesel	Bioethanol
Density @ 15°C [kg/m^3]	EN ISO12185	845	790
Cetane number	EN ISO5165	53	8–10
Low heating value [MJ/kg]	ASTMD3338	42.6	27.2
Heat of vaporization [kJ/kg]	—	265	840
Distillation [°C]	EN ISO3405
	IBP	159	78
	10 [%, vol.]	194	—
	50 [%, vol.]	268	—
	90 [%, vol.]	333	—
	95 [%, vol.]	350	—
	FBP	361	78
Carbon [mol%]	5991	~85.5	52.2
Hydrogen [mol%]	5991	~13.5	13.1
Oxygen [mol%]	5991	~1	34.7