Bos primigenius Bojanus, 1827 from the Early Late Pleistocene Deposit of Avetrana (Southern Italy) and the Variation in Size of the Species in Southern Europe: Preliminary Report

Table 1

Osteometric measurements, in mm, of metacarpus and metatarsus of Bos primigenius from Avetrana (southern Italy). MC: Metacarpus; MT: Metatarsus; Lmax: greatest length; PTD: Proximal Transverse Diameter; PAPD: Proximal Antero-Posterior Diameter; MTD: Transverse Diameter of the Shaft; MAPD: Antero-Posterior Diameter of the Shaft; DTD: Distal Transverse Diameter; DAPD: Distal Antero-Posterior Diameter; F: Female; M: Male; ?: not known sex.

	Specimen	L max	DPT	DPAP	DMT	DMAP	DDT	DDAP	Sex
MC	ANS 1	264.00	80.50	49.40	47.60	32.60	84.70	44.20	F
	ANS2	268.00	79.20	47.90	48.50	33.70	81.50	44.40	F
	ANS3	275.00	84.10	50.00	50.50	34.70	84.20	43.20	F
	ANS4	251.00	—	—	47.50	33.60	79.80	41.90	F
	ANS5	271.00	74.00	45.20	43.50	31.10	80.10	—	F
	ANS7	265.00	80.60	47.50	49.30	34.30	—	—	F
	ANS8	268.00	79.50	47.90	48.60	34.80	—	—	F
	ANS9	259.00	77.20	47.90	45.90	32.20	—	—	F
	ANS10	252.00	65.00	43.70	36.70	32.20	—	—	F
	A6 8	253.00	83.00	50.60	45.80	31.40	79.10	42.00	F
	A6 19	—	—	—	—	—	74.60	36.30	?
	A5 22	275.00	77.00	48.00	46.30	30.40	79.30	39.70	F
	A5 31	—	71.20	43.00	43.10	31.20	—	—	?
	A2 B 22	—	77.70	45.10	44.00	—	—	—	?
	A6 78	—	—	—	—	—	95.40	—	M?
	A6 79	—	—	—	—	—	91.10	48.10	M?
	A6 80	—	—	—	—	—	83.40	43.10	?
	A6 81	—	—	—	—	—	80.30	43.10	?
	A6 82	—	—	44.50	40.20	31.10	—	—	?
	A7 B 03	—	69.30	42.50	39.00	29.60	—	—	?
MT	ANS6	302.00	64.40	64.30	40.10	43.50	73.20	44.90	F
	ANS11	288.00	61.50	60.20	41.10	42.20	71.20	38.90	F
	A6 9	—	55.40	54.40	—	—	—	—	?
	A6 69	—	56.70	58.60	32.20	—	—	—	?
	A6 70	—	64.80	64.30	—	—	—	—	?
	A6 71	—	65.30	66.10	—	—	—	—	?
	A6 72	—	—	—	38.00	—	—	—	?
	A6 73	302.00	66.80	65.30	37.60	36.30	73.30	40.40	F
	A6 74	—	66.70	65.10	44.60	—	—	—	?
	A6 75	—	65.20	64.00	40.00	—	—	—	?
	A6 76	—	—	—	—	—	72.80	38.70	?
	A6 77	—	—	—	—	—	—	39.80	?
	A5 23	295.00	61.00	—	45.00	36.70	74.50	37.80	M
	A5 35	—	—	—	—	—	71.40	37.90	?
	A5 103	—	53.40	53.60	34.60	35.00	—	—	?
	A5 104	—	50.00	60.40	30.30	—	—	—	?
	A8 B 4	—	—	—	—	—	75.80	43.00	?
	A2 B 1	—	57.30	61.50	35.20	37.10	—	—	?
	A7 B 4	—	67.80	66.90	40.00	—	—	—	?
	Bos p. NC	295.00	60.80	60.00	38.80	—	73.10	38.60	F