A Cosmological Model Based on a Quadratic Equation of State Unifying Vacuum Energy, Radiation, and Dark Energy

Figure 5

Evolution of the temperature 𝑇 with the time 𝑡 in logarithmic scales. For 𝑡≤0, the universe is extremely cold (𝑇<10⁻¹⁷³K). During the inflation, the temperature increases by 204 orders of magnitude in less than 10⁻⁴²s. During the radiation era, the temperature decreases algebraically.